Chapter 2, WAN Protocols

Differentiate between types

Frame Relay

High performance

Physical & Data link levels

Designed for ISDN

Error correction is for higher levels

Connection oriented  PVC's

Frame Relay VCis 2x DTE with packet switched network inbetween, eah VC is identified by a Data Link Connection Identifier (DCLI)

ISDN - Integrated Services Digital Network

Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport Layers

set of comms protocols

HDLC - ISO standard

Data Link Layer, bit based for sync. serial links

High Level Data Link control

Cisco HDLC Won't communicate with any other vendor's

PPP

Async or Sync

Uses Link Control Protocol to build data link connections

Compression

CHAP / PAP authentication

Uses NCP to support IPX, IP, Appletalk, Decnet etc.

Frame Relay Terms

CO - Central Office

CPE - Customer Premise Equipment

DCE

DTE - typically routers

DLCI

demarc - Termination point of service provider's cable

PSE - packet switch exchange

PVC SVC

local loop - demarc to CO

Frame Relay config

encapsulation type on ser int.

int s0

encapsulation frame-relay [IETF]

default is cisco encaps.  IETF used if other equip. is not Cisco

frame-relay interface-dlci ## - maps dlci to an interface

LMI - Local management Interface = How to communicate setting

cisco, ansi, q933a.

IOS 11.2 up LMI is auto detected

Subinterfaces

int s0.## [multipoint] / [point-to-point]

as many as needed, 0 to 32 bit value

p-2-p are for single virtual circuit, multi are when router is at centre of star

Mapping

int s0.16 point-to-point

encap frame-rela ietf

no inverse-arp

ip address 172.16.30.1 255.255.255.0

frame-relay map ip 172.16.30.17 20 cisco broadcast

frame-relay map ip 172.16.30.18 30 broadcast

frame-relay map ip 172.16.30.19 40 broadcast

Maps 3VC's with their DLCI's

Inverse ARP maps VC'sdynamically

first vc uses cisco encap. others default (ietf)

Monitoring Frame Relay

sh frame-relay

ip, lapf, lmi, map, pvc, route, svc, traffic

pvc - stats on all fr int's

shows dlci usage=local = dte

alternative dlci usage=switch

show running config shows dlci nums

frame lmi - stats and type of lmi used

traffic - general traffic stats

interface s0 - lmi info, dlci type not dlci no.

PPP

config t

int s0

encapsulation ppp

^z

showinterface

ISDN

Cisco treats ISDN as high speed

Protocols are E - exising tel network

I - concepts, terminology, services

Q - protocols switching / signalling

Functions, TE1 and TE2.  TE1=BRI standard

TE2= pre standard and needs a TA

Reference points: r,S,T,U:

R - non-isdn & TA

S - user terminal & nt2

T - NT1 / NT2

U - NT1 & line termination unit

B & D channels : 64 /16kbps

BRI

Each BRI has an Service Provider Identifiers - SPID

isdn switch-type xxxxx depending upon provider

config t

isdn switch-type xxxxx

int bri0

encap ppp

isdn spid1 775456721

isdn spid2 775456722